摘要

本研究採用敘事分析方法，探討1980年代末至1990年代移居日本的台灣女性，如何透過留學與婚姻的生命敘事建構其身分認同，並分析其在台灣與日本社會中對性別期待、社會限制與個人志向的協商過程。
　　研究資料來自於2021年以日語進行的生命故事訪談，對象為兩位育有大學生子女的台灣女性。兩人皆於1980年代末赴日留學，之後升學、與日本男性結婚並定居日本。
　　研究結果顯示，她們在台灣民主化與海外留學風潮中形成出國志向，但同時面臨父母對經濟獨立與婚姻的期待；在日本則遭遇外國女性於職涯發展上的性別限制。兩人的敘事展現教育與經濟選擇上的能動性，但在婚姻領域則呈現對性別規範與有限職涯機會的妥協。這些經驗常透過笑聲一起敘述，作為一種話語策略，將限制重新框架為帶有幽默色彩的經歷。同時，她們也透過與其他女性的對比定位自身，以重新確認其能動性。最後，儘管兩人回顧性地將初到日本的生活描述為「艱辛」，她們仍將這些經驗重新詮釋為具有成長意義的歷程。脫離移民研究中受害者中心的觀點，本研究指出，能動性，並非單純的抵抗或順從的二元對立，而是鑲嵌於恆存社會結構中進行協商的一種動態且細緻的過程。

關鍵詞：敘事分析、台灣女性、海外留學、跨文化婚姻、民主化

Abstract

This study employs narrative analysis to explore how Taiwanese women who migrated to Japan in the late 1980s and 1990s construct and present their identities through retrospective life stories about study abroad and marriage.  Situated within the context of Taiwan’s rapid democratization, this study examines how these women negotiate prevailing gendered expectations, social constraints, and personal aspirations in both Taiwan and Japan.
　　The analysis draws on life story interviews conducted in Japanese in 2021 with two Taiwanese women whose children were college students at the time.  Both participants followed similar migration trajectories: they came to Japan as language students, pursued further education, married Japanese men, and settled permanently in Japan.
　　The findings reveal that, growing up in a democratizing Taiwan, both women were inspired by expanding opportunities for overseas study and aspired to gain international experience.  However, they also confronted strong social norms, including parental expectations regarding financial independence and marriage.  In Japan, they encountered additional gendered constraints, particularly in pursuing professional careers as foreign women.  Both narratives demonstrate agency in decisions related to education and financial independence; however, in the domain of marriage, the women describe compromises shaped by gender norms and limited career prospects.  These experiences are often recounted with laughter as a discursive strategy to reframe constraints as humorous episodes.  At the same time, both participants position themselves in contrast to other women in order to reaffirm their sense of agency.  Finally, although they retrospectively characterize their early lives in Japan as “hardship,” they reinterpret these experiences as formative and meaningful.  Moving beyond the victim-centered perspectives in migration studies, this study highlights that agency is not a simple binary of resistance or conformity, but rather a dynamic and nuanced process of negotiation embedded within enduring social structures.

Keywords: narrative analysis, Taiwanese women, study abroad, intercultural marriage, democratization


DOI:10.30404/FLS.202606_(43).0004